ABOUT THE PROJECT

The tidal turbines will be located in Petit Passage in Digby Neck, Nova Scotia. An approximate layout of the turbines can be seen in the project map presented below.

The turbine location is based on our site assessment and current understanding of the tidal flow dynamics and the landscape of the seabed. All information gathered from our surveys and assessments is being used to determine the location of the turbines. They will be installed within the green site search area.

Nova Innovation is delivering a 1.5 MW project that will utilise 3 Nova M500-D 500 kW turbines. Only a single turbine would be deployed first, allowing environmental effects to be carefully monitored before additional turbines are installed.

This is a significant change from the project that was originally proposed and approved. Nova will be using more efficient turbines which enables the number to be reduced from 15 to 3 while generating the same amount of electricity.

Nova has used this carefully managed, phased approach at the world’s first tidal turbine array in Shetland, Scotland. It has helped to demonstrate Nova’s environmental credentials, the reliability and performance of our turbines, and build confidence in tidal energy.

Nova is currently arranging the logistics and scheduling necessary for the deployment of its first turbine and will make updates available as developments take shape. As part of our phased approach, we will gather valuable environmental and technical data from the first turbine for 12 months before more turbines are deployed.

Deploying a single turbine first has several benefits:

• It allows us to gain a better understanding of the site while minimizing risks.

• It allows us to validate our monitoring plan and equipment and gain a better understanding of the environmental effects of the turbine.

• It demonstrates the reliability and performance of our turbine.

Before tidal turbines can be deployed, the project requires permits and approvals from a number of Federal and Provincial government departments. These include:

· A demonstration permit from the Nova Scotia Department of Energy;

· Approval from Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO);

· Approval from Transport Canada;

· Permission for the construction of the onshore substation.

Nova has previously received permission from the Nova Scotia Department of Energy, Transport Canada and DFO. Due to the modifications to the project, Nova is currently seeking amended or new approvals from these agencies.

The project will use the Nova M500-D turbine (shown below). This is an improved, more efficient version of Nova’s tried and tested direct drive M100 turbines deployed at the Shetland Tidal Array in Scotland.

Nova M500-D Key Figures:

Nameplate capacity: 500 kW

Design life: 20 years

Blade / Rotor diameter: up to 13.2 meters/ 43 feet

Blade / Rotor speed: 26 rpm (max.)

Mounting: gravity seabed base

Each Nova M500 tidal turbine consists of the following:

• A steel turbine nacelle unit, which contains the drivetrain and power conditioning

• The fibreglass blades, which are connected to the nacelle with a steel rotor hub

• A steel gravity base substructure with precast concrete ballast blocks to secure it to the seabed.

Each turbine has two blades, this allows for safe handling of the turbine on vessel decks during operations and enables the use of small, low-cost vessels and expanded working weather windows.

The blades are bidirectional blades. This means the turbine does not need to turn when the tide turns. It also means the turbine does not have a pitch or a yaw mechanism, something that increases reliability.

The pictures below provide an overview of the turbine layout and dimensions.

The total swept area affected by the three 500 kW turbines is reduced by approximately 50% compared to generating the same energy from fifteen 100 kW turbines. This is because the new turbines generate 5 times more electricity, but are not 5 times larger than the previous devices, therefore only 3 are required.

One turbine can power up to 138 average Canadian homes per year.

One turbine can offset up to 1263 metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions per year. That is the same as 274 road vehicles.

We are working with local experts in Petit Passage to fully understand how best to install the tidal turbines. We recognise that local fishermen are very knowledgeable about the conditions in the passage and welcome the opportunity to learn from this experience.

Based on our experience of installing turbines in similar sites (Shetland), the sequence of installation operations will be as follows:

1. The onshore control building and electrical substation will be constructed (this has been completed in East Ferry).

2. The steel substructure and concrete ballast will be towed in the water from a local harbour, to the installation location using a workboat. Once in position on site, the structure will be lowered through the water column into position on the seabed.

3. The power cable will be installed using standard industry methods for cable laying, with the cable lay vessel holding position, spooling out cable and moving along the cable route as required. It may be necessary to temporarily use some cable pulling and handling equipment onshore.

4. Once all the other elements of the system are in place, the turbine nacelle can be installed. This would be carried or towed from a local harbour to the installation location by a workboat and lowered onto the substructure, where it would be secured for operation.

5. Previous deployments have taken less than seven days to complete all offshore works.

6. Once installed, there will be a period of commissioning where the operation of the tidal turbines will be tested and any remediation work (including recovery and redeployment operations) could be undertaken if required.

The foundation structure is designed to be installed and removed using regular workboats.

The size and modular structure of Nova’s M500-D turbine mean that all of the system components – the substructure, ballast, subsea cable and turbine nacelle – can be installed and maintained using multi-category (“multicat”) workboats of less than 30m overall length. Larger anchor handlers and offshore construction vessels are also capable of carrying out these operations but are rarely the most cost-effective option.

As part of the maintenance of the turbines, the turbines will need to be removed occasionally.

Based on experience in Shetland, Nova anticipates that once the array is fully up and running, planned maintenance will be carried out no more frequently than once every 5 years.

Depending on the weather, removing or redeploying a turbine can be swiftly done in a single slack water period.

Ensuring that our turbines do not harm the marine environment is incredibly important to Nova. Environmental impact considerations, including impact on fish and other marine life, are a key part of the project design and permitting process.

At our Shetland site in Scotland, we have carried out environmental monitoring since installing turbines in 2016 to ensure that our turbines do not harm marine wildlife. This includes:

Over ten years of marine mammal and seabird surveys where our turbines are located, amounting to thousands of hours of observations, which have shown that wildlife continues to pass freely through the site and past our turbines, unharmed.

Almost ten years of video cameras attached to each of our turbines to understand how marine wildlife behaves close to the turbines. In all this time, no collisions or near misses between marine animals and the turbines have been seen.

A similar monitoring approach will be taken for the project in the Petit Passage. In March 2022 Nova installed a monitoring platform on the seabed in Petit Passage to trial the sensors. The platform has three cameras and an acoustic imaging sonar, which provided high quality of images of wildlife passing through the site including fish and sharks. This has shown that the platform will be highly effective at monitoring wildlife around the first turbine when it is installed.

Nova wishes to avoid any conflict with existing fishing activity in the area. Local engagement and understanding local expertise is important to us. We will work alongside the local fishing industry on the development of the Petit Passage project.

The tidal turbines will be installed in the middle of Petit Passage. Based on Nova’s current understanding from conversations with local fishers, no fishing currently takes place in this area. A subsea cable will be laid from the turbines to the shore, with a planned landfall point near the pier on Shore Road, next to the fish plant.

We will ensure there is no impact to local fishing vessels.

The process of decommissioning the Nova Tidal Array will largely be the same as the installation, but in reverse. Because of the gravity base substructure, no seabed drilling is required for installation of the turbines. This means all items, including the subsea cable, can easily be recovered from the seabed, without the need for cutting or other intrusive operations.

In 2017, Nova decommissioned its first grid-connected turbine, a 30-kW prototype device, which was installed in 2014. The turbine, cables, and all associated material were removed over two days and the site was returned to its original state.

Nova has posted a financial security with the Province which will be maintained and kept current for the duration of the project as required by the permit. This security would address the costs of removing equipment from Petit Passage.

The electricity will be sold to Nova Scotia Power and exported to the Nova Scotia grid.

While the integration of energy storage with the Shetland Tidal Array has been successful, there are currently no plans to add energy storage to the proposed tidal array in the Petit Passage. This is something we could explore in the future based on the local requirements to provide resilience or backup power.